Unemployment and Zara

Value Creation in the Global Apparel Industry Case Analysis #3 By Deborah Bennett Julie Bryan Wynette Gayle Vivian Pankey Neisha Vitello Executive Summary Zara is the flagship fashion retail company under the parent corporation Inditex. First opened in Spain, Zara currently has a network of 1,292 stores spread across 72 countries. The infrastructure Zara has built is a core competency. Their innovations to bring new fashion designs to market faster than competitors differentiates Zara from their rivals.Managers believe the allure of Zara is the freshness of its offerings, the creation of a sense of exclusiveness, an attractive in-store ambience, and positive word of mouth (Daniels, Radenbaugh, Sullivan, 2011). The strategic innovations in design, production, logistics, distribution, and retailing activities have made Zara a global leader that is now moving into the United States. This paper will examine five of the external influences that will shape the response and ultimately the s uccess Zara will have adapting to the physical, social and competitive factors in the United States clothing retail industry.The external influences examined will be; competitive dynamics, economic conditions, technology standards and trends, cultural orientation, and customer expectations. Zara continues expansion in the Untied States, currently with 49 stores coast to coast. Their differentiation strategy has been successful (Maiellaro, 2010). Zara’s strategy and business design leave rivals with less time to figure out how to better configure and coordinate operations. As U. S. competitors attempt to follow Zara’s lead, Zara continues to set the pace and increase the distance between them and the competition.Issue Identification Zara came to the United States, first in New York City in 1989. With more than ten years in the states and 49 locations Zara is making their mark in the fashion industry. With the external influences impacting Zara’s management vision , strategy, value creation and firm performance, how does Zara continue to create value with their differentiation strategy in the U. S. fashion market? External Influence #1: Competitive Dynamics Zara has taken the industry standard of a six-month time frame to create and produce new clothing lines to only two weeks (Daniels, et al 2011).Breaking the industry standard in getting fashion to the public is the competitive advantage Zara is best known for. Zara’s other strength’s include logistics, marketing, store operations and firm infrastructure. Zara spends less than 1 percent of its revenue on advertising (Daniels, et al 2011). Zara is dependent on word of mouth advertising from its shoppers who tend to be loyal to the brand. Marketing is another key advantage Zara has over the competition, which can spend up to 3 to 4 percent of their revenue on advertising.External Influence #2: Economic Conditions Current Economic Conditions in the U. S. appear to show that it is in a â€Å"disappointingly sluggish† (June 2010) recovery. While the U. S. does not appear to be in the downward trend that everyone was concerned with in, growth will remain stagnant or slow. Consumer confidence appears to be at the highest level in two years (Dennis, 2010), but the unemployment rate does not fall below 9 percent (Isidore, 2010) for the next year, and it is unknown if we will ever see the unemployment rate low of 4. percent in 2007 (Isidore, 2010). The good news is that inflation does not appear to be an issue, as it remains steady for the next three years (Isidore, 2010). The economic conditions in the United States for Zara’s do not appear to be at the best point for rapid growth, although with Zara’s unique way of doing business growth is possible. The economic slowdown, high unemployment, and other economic factors pointing in the wrong direction, Zara’s growth in the U. S. Market will need to be carefully monitored. External Influe nce #3: Technology Standards and TrendsA cultural aspect of the American Shopper is her expectation of value or reasonableness. This direction is in line with Zara’s aim to democratize fashion by offering the latest fashion in medium quality at affordable prices. In the USA, the GAP has already been identified as tapping into this market. One of the ways that Zara? s business model is differentiated from that of its competitors is the turnaround time and the store as a source of information. The store acts not only as a point of sale but also influences the design and speed of production. It is the end and starting point of the business system. Zara? managers get feedback from the customers at the point of sales and in turn these managers report the demands of customers and the sales trends to the headquarters on a daily basis. This business model augurs well in America today with the technological advancements of the Hi-tech age with computer and cell phones, 24-7 news circu s and talk show now becoming the new norm. External Influence #4: Cultural Orientations Zara’s secret, according to CEO Jose Castellano, is its reliance on communication, and the way it uses existing technology to take control of almost every aspect of design, production and distribution. This ‘fast fashion’ system depends on a constant exchange of information throughout every part of Zara's supply chain—from customers to store managers, from store managers to market specialists and designers, from designers to production staff, from buyers to subcontractors, from warehouse managers to distributors, and so on. † Zara has made enormous efforts to ensure that operational procedures, performance measures, and even store and office layouts are designed to make information transfer easy.It can therefore be concluded that information management is one of core activities for Zara to leverage its ‘fast fashion’ system. This model is in direct re lations to the cultural orientation of the American Shopper who likes to be fashionable and that right after the red carpet event. External Influence #5: Customer Expectations Americans have many choices in fashion styles and price range, from boutique to large chain to discount fashion warehouses. Zara meets customer expectations with fashions superior to or different from alternatives that are available from rivals.With their grassroots marketing research performed by agents on the store floors, Zara has perfected technology to be able to incorporate customer comments into designs through wireless, handheld organizers carried around the store (Daniels et al. , 2011). On the Zara website is the following: ‘What do you think of the collection? Are these looks that you would like to recreate? I love to hear your opinions every week – and I always take suggestions into consideration! If you have any looks you’d like recreated here, let me know!Be sure to leave a co mment’ (Rachel, 2010). This channel of customer/company interaction ensures Zara continues to deliver what customers want in fashion. The Internet feedback will especially serve the U. S. market as Americans are very accustomed to writing product reviews on retail web sites. Zara instills a sense of urgency in the shoppers’ mind because the style they see in the store today may not be there next week. This dynamic plays well in the urban Americans shopping style that has ready access to the store front windows in malls or the city’s fashion districts.The average Zara customer visits the chain seventeen times per year versus three to four visits per year at competitors. Anyone with the shopping style of â€Å"let me look around first and then come back†, will lose out on the Zara design. Exposure to current fashion trends are in every medium in the U. S. Zara’s ability to deliver almost immediately on what is hot will bode well in meeting customer e xpectations in the U. S. market. Recommendations and Conclusion Zara has taken advantage of its core competencies: competitive advantage, economic condition, technology standards and trends, cultural orientation, and customer expectation.This well organized firm uses logistical design in all areas of its operations. Getting high fashion clothing to the public much quicker than the competition and at a reasonable price has led the organization to the top. While this â€Å"fast track† clothing idea is new and still in vogue, Zara needs to constantly be looking at ways to improve their product line and business model as the competition moves in on their competitive advantage. Staying ahead of other retailers by continuing to evaluate their design, sourcing, production, logistics, marketing, store operations, and firm infrastructure is key.While Zara is spreading worldwide, they may need to adjust their distribution centers a bit, in order to keep their speed maintain their pace, particularly in the US market. As they get larger the firm grows , they may not be able to keep up with demand unless they adjust their logistics chain accordingly.References 2010, November 22. http://www. modernights. com/shop/zaraclothing/zara_stores_usa/ Daniels, Radebaugh, ; Sullivan. (2011). International Business, Environments ; Operations 13th Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Pearson Education, Inc. Dutta, Devangshu. (2002). retail @ the speed of fashion. Retrieved from http://www. 3isite. com/articles/ImagesFashion_Zara_Part_I. pdf Galaugher, John, Information Systems, A Zara Case Study: Fast Fashion from Savvy Systems, accessed November 24, 2010, http://www. flatworldknowledge. com/node/41223 Gattorna, Dr. John. (2009, Jan. /Feb. ) Supply Chain Organisation Design-The Secret Sauce of Peak Performance. Retrieved from http://www. slideshare. net/ The Supply chainniche/supply-chain-organisation-design-the-secret-sauce-of-peak Jacobe, Dennis, November 2010, U. S. Econo mic Confidence Improves to Match 2010 High,, Gallup, accessed November 24, 2010, http://www. gallup. com/poll/144344/economic-confidence-improves-match-2010-high. aspx June 2010, Current Economic Conditions, Econbrowser, Accessed November 24, 2010 http://www. econbrowser. com/archives/2010/06/current_economi_4. html Lopez, Carmen, Fan, Ying, Internationalisation of Spanish Fashion Brand Zara , Brunel Business School Brunel University Uxbridge UB8 3PH England Maiellaro, Bridget. (2010, January 5). Zara Opens Two Chicago Stores. Retrieved from http://www. chicagomag. om/Radar/Sales-Check/January-2010/Zara-Opens-Two-Chicago-Stores/ Rachel-Northeastern. (2010, May 10). Runway for Under $25: Zara Spring 2010. Retrieved from http://www. collegefashion. net/fashion-tips/runway-for-under-25-zara-may-2010/ Towers, Steve. (2010). Zen and the Art of Process Management. http://www. towers associates. com/Towers_Associates_Zen_And_the_Art_of_Process_Management. Html â€Å"Zara’s Business Model, Information and Communication Technologies, and Competitive Analysis. † 123HelpMe. com. 26 Nov 2010 http://www. 123HelpMe. com/view. asp? id=97642

Importance of Listening

Listening is part of communication and language arts. There are fights and miscommunications because nobody has the time to listen. This is a very important tool to avoid misconceptions and misunderstanding. Careful listening gives individual good and accurate information. Every individual should develop their listening skills. Until the 1940’s, no one seems to have thought that skillful listening required any particular training. Two causes have produced a changed attitude toward listening. First, there has been enormous expansion in the means of transmitting the spoken voice: by disc record, tape recording, radio, television, sound motion pictures, and videotapes. Second, there has been increased interest in group discussion, as shown partly by the conferences, conventions, and workshops that are held, and by the many discussion programs on the air. The language system encompasses the language of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The acquisition of these skills follows a general sequence of development: (1) listening, (2) speaking, (3) reading, and (4) writing. The different language forms have a core language system that underlies and integrates the four elements of language. Experiences with each language form strengthen the underlying language system, which in turn influences an individual’s facility in each language form. Numerous situations in everyday living require skillful listening. For example, informal conversation, social and business telephoning; interviews; taking part in conferences; listening to speeches, lectures, readings, reports, and plays; and following oral directions. From the young child, who gains much of his or her knowledge from speech activities in the classroom, to the courtroom lawyer, whose success depends largely on understanding what is said, the art of listening is a language skill vital to each person’s life and work. Good listening enlarges the listener’s command of language. Through listening to speeches, poetry, and plays, a person can gain an appreciation of literature and of the spoken language. Through reading and listening have similar problems, listeners face two special conditions. First, they must grasp the meaning at once; there is no opportunity to reflect on what was said or to go back and review it. Second, listeners are directly affected by the personality of the speaker, whose voice, gestures, and presence are often as important as the words being spoken. Thus, there are good reasons for training people to listen effectively. To be most effective, listening must meet four requirements. Listening must be focused; listeners cannot be half-hearted in their attention. 2. Listening must be exact; listeners must grasp precisely what has been said, not some vague notion of it. They must be able to take hold of the content, including the sequence of parts and their relationship to the whole. 3. Listening must be aware. Listeners must be critics as well as receivers; they must be able to distinguish the essential from the nonessential; they must be as objective as possible, alert for bias in themselves as well as in the speaker. 4.Listening must be courteous; listener owes the speaker respect and interest. In education, listening is an element of the language system that has been neglected by educators. Although concern for the instruction of speaking and reading, is common, the student’s ability to listen has been taken for granted. Students are typically expected to acquire this ability without special instructions. The fact is, however, that many students   do not acquire functional skills in listening by themselves. According to medical hearing specialists, over half the people referred to them for suspected deafness have no defect in hearing acuity and no organic pathology that would cause their seeming hearing impairment. Listening is a basic skill that can be improved through teaching and practice. Compared with the quantity of research in reading, research in listening is minuscule. One explanation for poor listening skills is that students and people today are so bombarded with constant sound that may have actually learned to â€Å"tune out† what they do not wish to hear, and they have become skillful at not listening.

Acquisition of Manipulative Skills in Chemistry

Acquisition of Manipulative Skills in Chemistry Practical or hands-on activity is an essential instrument of assessment in an active science teaching and learning process. Science practical is a hands-on activity where the students are given the opportunity to practice what they have learned in the theories of science. It is an instrument for the students to acquire Science Process Skills (SPS) and Manipulative Skills (MS). Through practical activities a student’s Science Process Skills, Manipulative Skills as well as critical thinking and learning are developed. Also, science practical is a student centered and active learning process, which prepares a student to learn how to think, analyse, solve problems and produce appropriate solutions to it. This science practical is said to be a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model. To identify and evaluate the level of the acquisition of SPS and MS, an assessment should be conducted on students. Assessments are important means of gaining dynamic picture of students academic developme nt. As an instrument of assessment, PEKA Chemistry was introduced in Malaysian school curricular. PEKA Chemistry is school-based practical assessment which was introduced in the year of 1999 to replace SPM Chemistry Practical Paper. This instrument is designed with a few constructs and criteria to assess student’s SPS and MS at the upper secondary level. The assessment is done continuously for two years, starting with the Form Four students and it is continued until the said students complete their Form Five. Students are assessed formatively by their chemistry subject teacher within the process of teaching and learning. LITERATURE REVIEW From other source of study, a few problems were identified in the implementation of PEKA. From the study by Siti Aloyah Alias (2002) ‘Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The PEKA Biology Program’ it is shown that even though the students enjoyed the assessment, many students are not sure of the skills they are suppose to master. With this, it is proven that the studied students have not mastered the SPS and MS skills as stated in the objective of PEKA. This study also shows that teachers are uncertain of using and designing their own scoring rubrics. They find it difficult to mark the students evidence as they do not have a proper standard marking guide. The study on Student Ability in PEKA Biology Among Form Four Science Stream Students by Nor Aziah Darus shows that time constraint in completing experiments was one of the main problem identified. This means the amount of experiments suggested by the ministry has got no proper time allocation. The amount of workload for teachers is too taxing. Teachers are under stress where they are suppose to finish the subject syllabus and the all the PEKA in a limited time of period. This in one way or other leads to lack of interest in teaching and learning of PEKA . Perlaksanaan Peka Kimia Di Sekolah Menengah di Sekitar Daerah Batu Pahat, Johor by Lee Soh Hoon   (2 007) showed that the frequency of the PEKA implementation is not sufficient. Faiza (2002) feels that the teachers are having problem in marking the practical report because the score scheme given by the ministry is too rubric. Additional to this, teachers in certain school are facing problem of insufficient lab apparatus which leads to limitation of experiment to assess. She also quoted that student’s excellent performance in PEKA (Biology) does not promise an excellent result in Biology theoretical examinations.

Changing Human Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changing Human Behavior - Research Paper Example I strongly believe that way I know him and understand his work pattern, no one does in the office. It is because we mostly share projects and work in a team sometimes; hence I am well-aware of his all work patterns moves and strategies. I have been working with him since more than 3 years, and I have observed that he spent more than enough time on each project mainly because his mind stays distract firstly due to his smoking habit and secondly he uses social networking websites during work hours (Kochan & Lipsky, 2003). Due to his habits and slight non-serious behavior towards deadline of work submission, he often completes his individual projects late. Also, in a team, project most of the times others members have to put extra efforts on his behalf. Although, he wastes a lot of his time in smoking after every ten to minutes, but more than that his mind is distracted due to his habit and interest in using social networking websites during work time. Thus, to help him quit his addiction to social networking, a month back I arranged an informal meeting with him at his favorite restaurant (Alvesson & Sveningsson, 2008). I strongly believe that emotional counseling can help one rethink about own strengths and weaknesses. I planned to talk to him normally about my own family, friends and social issues around in the city or community. Then, coming to the point I told him about some of those seniors in our company who initiated their job career as beginner content developers in game division, and within three years they have now been promoted to senior designation. I intentionally discouraged him initially by saying that he cannot get promotion in this or any other organization to hit his emotions regarding job career and importance of everyday or month performance in an organization. I was sure he will surely argue with me and try to find out reason behind my

Philosophy in law final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy in law final - Research Paper Example Some of the topics that these black philosophers are currently teaching and writing include law, physics, philosophy of language, ethics, logic, epistemology, history of philosophy, philosophy of mind, ancient philosophy, philosophy of science, and many more others. Quite a large number of African-American academically trained philosophers are engaged in publishing scholarly articles as well as academic books that contain topics that are directly related to either race or other aspects concerning the experiences of African-American people. Indeed, a majority of African-American philosophers have found themselves concentrating on â€Å"social analysis† that revolves around the concept of â€Å"the hard and brutal facts of the case,† as observed by Martin Luther King (Papish, 2015). Though there is a myriad of literature reviews showing various philosophers and how their works have shaped the concept of law, there is little of such literature reviews touching on African-American philosophers. Therefore, this research paper will seek to show how the works of African-American philosophers have shaped or influenced the concept of law. The main source of data used for this research was secondary sources that mainly comprised of books and journals. This method was appropriate since it is relatively cheap as considered to primary sources such as interviews and administration of questionnaires. Additionally, the information obtained is relatively accurate because information stored in a book is not subject to change or distortion over a period of time (Kerr, 2014). Furthermore there are various different books and journals that talk about African-American philosophers hence provided enough amount of material for comparison. The data obtained was mainly analyzed through comparison of the ideas that each author presented in the journal or book. This was

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Personal Statement Example I have therefore over time learnt to be hardworking and always desire environments that stimulate my intellectual abilities and this I hope to enjoy at California University. As a result of the cultivated culture of handwork and desire for all round development I attained very good grades in subjects such as mathematics and English as well as sports subjects like Soccer and physical education classes. I also have a strong desire of learning in environments with people from different parts of the world since I believe there is strength in diversity. I therefore am applying for the University of California’s transfer program not only to benefit from the challenges of being in new environment but also to benefit from learning in a diverse environment that will enhance cultural exchange. I believe therefore the educational experience at the University of California will be enriching and fulfilling in terms of meeting my professional goals. I am a strong disciple of knowledge and quality education hence would always strive to get just that and apply the same to the betterment of humanity. I believe the very diverse learning environment that is the University of California will give me an opportunity to independently learn, interact with people from all over the world and stimulate my critical thought. I will make use of all opportunities to gain knowledge which I should apply in offering solutions to our world’s many problems on graduating an Actuarial Scientist from the University of California. By applying my knowledge and offering solutions to issues facing the world I believe will be able to touch, transform lives of people and contribute significantly towards society’s health. I am also an avid sports person; I highly appreciate the value of sports in enhancing the health and stability of society. I studied and attained straight A grades in soccer and physical education while at college. I participated as a soccer player in the

IP4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IP4 - Essay Example Pioch (2002) described the era as associated with religious art. Baroque period is characterized by vigorous movement and emotional intensity associated with Baroque art in its primary meaning. Much Hellenistic sculpture could therefore be described as `baroque'. The older meaning of the word means `capricious', `overwrought' or `florid' (Pioch, 2002). Caravaggio and Annibale Carracci are the two great figures who stand at the head of the Baroque tradition, bringing a new solidity and weightiness to Italian painting, which in the late 16th century has generally been artificial and often convoluted in style (Pioch, 2002). The two artists are considered to have their own style in which Annibale's work has an exuberance that is completely his own, and Caravaggio created figures with an unprecedented sense of sheer physical presence (Pioch, 2002). These two major artists have great influences of their own and fusing these influences, the Baroque area arose (Pioch, 2002). Baroque artists inherited from the mannerist style the movement and fervent emotion and solidity and grandeur from Rennaisance style (Pioch, 2002). The Deposition from the Cross is an artwork made by oil in canvas. This is considered one of the greatest works of Caravaggio. In this artwork, the artist did not really portray the Burial or Deposition in the conventional way.

Entrepreneurial Self Reflective Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Entrepreneurial Self Reflective Analysis - Essay Example The essay presents a self-reflection analysis done by the researcher and based on the GET2 test while providing any contradicting or supportive arguments based on previous encounters. The overall result of the test that are presented in the essay also challenges the ability of the researcher to develop innovative ideas. The researcher considers this assumption both wrong and highly prejudiced. Different people have different abilities and ideas. It is explained that since we all have a different set of abilities and personal characteristics, the researcher believes the test does not give an excellent analysis regarding his overall creativity. The researcher then councluds that these test results also seem to contradict each other seeing that the researcher considers his risks suggesting that he prefers taking calculated moves. An example of a contradictory review is the idea that the researcher prefers giving orders and also being the team leader. The same test results also state tha t the researcher would be well suited in an intrapreneurship letting someone take charge and engage in risky activities. If the two results are by chance considered to be factual, then the researcher would also have a strong desire to lead any partner, and that would translate to taking a higher risk than them. According to the GET2 test, the researcher have an overall score of 63 percent that implies he is likely to have strengths in various enterprising characteristics and could also be enterprising in some contexts.

Final exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final exam - Essay Example Socrates Socrates had taken a crucial role of caring for people’s souls in their life, and they had a conviction that the real persons are the souls; thus, through their arguments it is evident that a person’s soul is the center of their character (Richard and Elder, 1). Moreover, the Socrates argued that the souls is the basis through which people think, feel, set values and make decision; thus, it a significant determinant of a person’s foolishness of brilliance. One of the significant ideas that can be derived from their teachings and be applied in life is that people’s souls should be kept healthy like their bodies (Richard and Elder, 1). Furthermore, Socrates proposed that the souls can be kept healthy by not being ignorant in life. Besides, these philosophers suggested that people should take tasks in realizing their potential. Plato The teaching of this philosopher is focused on the concept of Absolute Goodness, whereby Plato portrayed high consciou sness in his profundity regarding the subject; thus, he had interest in discovering the Creator and Father of the universe, and an exploration of his operations (Wilder, 1). Nonetheless, he discovered that there was an impossibility of revealing this, but he considered justice, truth, and beauty to be element of the creator and father of the universe. On the other hand, Plato’s study has a high consideration of Good as a branch and concepts he introduced are highly applicable in people life through their soul in numerous ways (Wilder, 1). In fact, people experience them in their life, while others have been recognizing them as universal principles that are infinite and absolute (Wilder, 1). Nevertheless, they may seem to be hidden or abstract, but they are aroused, thereby enabling people to make a distinction between wrong from right. Therefore, knowledge acquired from Plato is substantial in understanding a person’s inner most being and their external world. Aristotl e Aristotle made a significant contribution to science and philosophy, and his contribution is beyond scope that can be exhibited by this paper; thus, an overview of this contribution indicate that Aristotle’s ideas has a direct association with reality and eternal forms, which are identified through reflection and purpose. He had real perception towards objects through experience; thus, a lot can be gathered from his teaching such as reality in perception towards organisms (Waggoner, 1). For instance, Aristotle offered an explanation of organisms in terms of their potential, matter, forms, and reality; in fact, he suggested that a block of marble matter determines the shape created by sculptor, just like the embryo had the ability to develop to a living plant or animal (Waggoner, 1). In addition, information acquired from the Aristotle’s teaching can be applied people to classify their way of life based in their actions and their roles. Augustine Some of the things le arnt from Augustine are the notion that people should see themselves in a little book as mirror. He

Ancient Art Essay Example for Free

Ancient Art Essay 1. Between 35,000 bce to 12, 000 bce, people back then used to live a simple life that survive by means hunting. This period was called the Paleolithic era which means â€Å"old stone age. † The name was derived from the stone tools which were the main devices that were utilized by the early inhabitants to perform their daily activities for subsistence. It was also during this early period that man started to create artworks on the surface walls of caves. This later on became know as â€Å"paleolithic art† or â€Å"cave paintings† (Hoover). Most of the cave drawings or painting used animals as the subject matter. The reason behind this is that the animals were perceived as â€Å"either those needed for food and that the paintings were some type of ritual related to the hunt, or that the animals were sacred and were given god-like qualities. † More so, these visual artworks were considered as â€Å"calendars or almanacs, ‘coming of age’ ceremonies, records of tribal migrations and mystic paintings during a shamanistic trance. † Some of the examples of these paleolithic cave paintings are the following: Cow and a horse from Lascaux cave in France, â€Å"Big Cats† from Chauvet cave in France and the Horse at Lascaux cave in France. The animal theme was prevalent in these three paintings. More so, the colors used were mostly concentrated on earth tones such as red, brown, yellow and black. At that time, the resources of man were limited so the color scheme was monochromatic but with just a little touch of bold colors. For the outlines and silhouette of the animals, it was rigid and not proportional which was caused by the uneven stone surfaces. Also, it lacked depth making it appear two-dimensional. However, cave artists have mastered color blending that added some drama to the overall look of the painting. In Ancient Egypt, the royals were treated with utmost respect during their lifetime as well as in their after life. In order for them to be immortalized, sculptures were made in their honor. Also, it is to assure that the elites and royalist’s identity will be for eternity. The sculpture of King Menkaure and his Queen Khamerernebty is a clear example of this ancient practice. The statue of the two royal figures measures 4 feet 6. 5 inches in length and it is located within the pyramid of Menkaure which is the â€Å"smallest of the Great Pyramids. † The sculpture is primarily composed of a common material found in ancient Egypt, which is slate. The statue’s perfect body proportions and regal body gestures displayed Menkaure and Khamerernebty’s royalty. Back then, it was part of tradition that artists should represent their kings and queens in an ideal manner. Their flaws or physical defects should not be highlighted so that the public would forever remember them in a good light. Moreover, the formality of their position wherein the arm of Khamerernebty was wrapped around the torso of Menkaure and both their legs were straight and placed close together was intentional to ensure that the statue would last a lifetime. â€Å"By making the figures very compact and solid without any arms or legs projecting out, the sculpture has very few breakable parts. † Also, the headdress worn by the king as well as the â€Å"queen’s long hair† served as a support to the neck which is considered to be the most delicate part of the statue. More so, the perfect posture and affectionate gesture of the king and queen demonstrated that they were related through marriage. This strategic positioning of the figures was meant to look like that they are associated with each other. The artists wanted the viewers to immediately determine that King Menkaure and his Queen Khamerernebty are husband and wife and that they will forever remain that for the â€Å"rest of time† (Art History Adventure). Works Cited Hoover, Marleen. â€Å"Art of Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras. † 15 August 2006. San Antonio College Visual Arts and Technology Department. 17 November 2008 http://www. accd. edu/sac/vat/arthistory/arts1303/PALNEO. htm. â€Å"Menkaure and Khamerernebty, Gizeh, Egypt, 2490-2472 BCE, slate. † n. d. Art History Adventure. 17 November 2008 http://terpconnect. umd. edu/~mcech/m_k. html.

Diagram For Five Bus Power System Computer Science Essay

Diagram For Five Bus Power System Computer Science Essay The main objective of this project is to analyse the different parameters of five bus bar power system. Analysis of these bus bars parameters must be supported by both theoretically and simulated results obtained by using Power World Simulator (PWS). Power World Simulator (PWS) used for engineering analysis, power system visualisation, simulation and analysis tool [1]. In this project five bus bars attached to each other according to their specific input data. According to power system terminology, bus is the node at which two or more different devices joined known as buses. In electrical power distribution, bus bar thick strip that conduct electricity to other electrical apparatus [2]. In this project, input data for five bus power system provided and the required power system designed on the Power World Simulator as per requirement. When five bus power systems designed on PWS instructions completely followed in order to make required design. After that one-line diagram is obtained shown in figure 1. Then design critically analysed by performing simulation in order to check voltages and flows on other network components. Figure 1: One-line diagram for five bus power system 2. Problem Analysis When designing five bus bar power system different problem were faced because designing is quite complex and skilled operation. 2.1 Data analysis Before start designing in order to draw one-line diagram input data for buses were properly analysed and also transmission line data and transformer data. As four variables associated with each bus: voltage magnitude Vk, phase angle ÃŽ ´k , real power Pk, and reactive power Qk. By these variables analyse which were input data and which were unknown from the provided input data. 2.2 Designing analysis In designing, general designing principles were followed in order to design five bus power system. The five-bus power system modelled in Power World Simulator (PWS), this software used for power system analysis. Although some guide provided to start modelling the five-bus power system in PWS. Modelling was quite complex and take several times because of different adjustment and given parameters was properly entered for buses, transmission lines, and transformers in order to simulate model properly. After completing the required model on PWS, power flow can be visualized and also other parameters that were unknown when simulation performed. 2.3 Software analysis According to the main objective of the project mainly focused on the modelling as per requirement and five-bus power system modelled on the Power World simulator for the purpose of simulation. This software requires some technical skills. Thats why general principles must follow in order to simulate the desired model otherwise problem might occur. 3. Problem Solutions 3.1 Data solution The one-line diagram can obtain by inserting the bus data, transmission line data and transformer as per requirement for the five-bus power system. The bus input data enable to distinguish between different kinds of buses. These buses are as follows: Slack bus ( V and ÃŽ ´ input data) Load bus (P and Q input data) Voltage controlled bus (P and V input data) Similarly transmission line input data provide series resistance, reactance, and shunt charging, transformer input data provide series resistance and reactance. With the help of these input data one-line diagram can be achieved by using the software. 3.2 Designing solution The required model designed on Power World Simulator which permits the system to perfectly model as single phase system. The connection between devices drawn by a single line in order to join them, therefore one-line diagram achieved. The desired model has five buses and by available input data for all devices model can be achieved by inserting all devices parameters properly. Make sure that all the devices connected to each other, otherwise its impossible to achieve the required results. In PWS, generator have circle shape with a rotor at the centre, large arrows represent the load and transmission line represented by simple line. By following the general principles required one-line diagram can be achieved. 3.3 Software solution Five-bus power system modelled on PWS as per requirement and then simulation performed to determine the unknown variables. By this software different techniques like Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson techniques can be performed. By PWS, Y bus (Bus Admittance Matrix) can be easily obtained and compare with theoretical values of admittance matrix. PWS has some different and interesting specification if compare with MATLAB and Proteus. Simulation can easily perform by PWS but make sure that all the given parameters properly inserted. 4. Implementation The main objective of this project to analyse the five-bus power system that means to critically analyse the parameters for buses, transformers, and transmission lines. These parameters can be determined theoretically by performing different theoretical techniques but the result obtained have some human error and time consuming, thats why in order to remove these error Power World Simulator used. By following the modelling analysis and solution, implementation of five-bus power system can be achieved by using the software Power World Simulator (PWS). PWS used in order to compare both simulated and theoretical results. Power World Simulator has two modes, Edit mode and Run mode. Edit mode used to add buses, load and many other components as shown in figure 4.1 Figure 4.1 As this project based on Power World Simulator as per requirement and by following the bus input data totally five buses inserted in order to full fill the requirement. In the Edit mode, five buses inserted to desired location. All buses parameters set as provided and adjusted in Bus Field Options dialog and there are three load buses, one slack bus, and one voltage control bus. Between bus1 and bus5 transformer line connected and similarly between bus4 and bus3. This can be done graphically by selecting insert, transformer. Buses 2, 4 and 5 connected by line, all these line have different parameters, line series resistances, series reactance and MVA limit inserted in the line information dialog. The required model has two generators one on slack bus1 and other on voltage control bus3, and also two loads, one load inserted on bus2 and other load inserted on voltage control bus3. Parameters for buses, transmission lines and transformers properly set as given. By following all these pr inciple required one-line diagram obtained as shown in figure 4.2 Figure 4.2 Power World Simulator also has other mode, Run Mode which is used for the simulation. When simulation performed all the unknown values appeared on the screen. The arrows show the direction of power flow as shown in figure 4.3. On this final model different technique and changes performed as per requirement. Figure 4.3 5. Results and Discussions After completing the one-line diagram on Power World Simulator simulation performed. Through simulation all the unknown values determined and these parameters shown in table 5.1 Table 5.1 After that Y-matrix can be easily displayed in PWS by selecting case information, solution details, Y-bus. The Y-bus derived by other system parameters which cannot be change directly. These simulated values compare with the theoretical values. Y-bus matrix shown in table 5.2 Table 5.2 Theoretical values for Y-bus admittance matrix elements are given below: Off diagonal elements: Y42 = Y24 = 089276 + j 9.91964 Y52 = Y25 = 1.42284 + j 15.8714 Y51 = Y15 = 3.72 j 49.72 Y54 = Y45 = 2.8568 j 31.7428 Y43 = Y34 = 7.458 j 99.44 Diagonal elements: Y11 = 3.72 j 49.7 Y22 = 2.3211 j 25.791 Y33 = 7.458 j 99.44 Y44 = 11.21 j 121.25 Y55 = 8.0053 j 97.324 The theoretical values compare with the simulated values as obtained in table 5.2 almost same result obtained. After computing the Y-matrix, Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson techniques apply in Power World Simulator in order to solve the power flow problem and compare the solution obtained by PWS. PWS gives the calculation by default Gauss-Seidel technique, so the bus record table 5.1 shown above is the solution for Gauss-Seidel. The solution computed by Newton-Raphson technique shown in table 5.3. Table 5.3 After computing the solutions from both the techniques and compared with each other. It observed from both the results that there was not much difference in both results except in generated reactive power (MVAr). Newton-Raphson gives more accurate results because it performs more iteration as compare to Gauss-Seidel. In the case when demand increases at bus 2 set as almost double, as a result load on the transformer between bus 3 and bus 4 increases and also reactive power in generator at bus 3 increases which indicates that losses in the generator also increases. It is observed that the acceptable generated range at bus 2 is 844MW, demand increases but power at bus to not upto required demand. Figure 5.1 In PWS the shunt capacitor connected on bus 2 in parallel with load and this method of connecting capacitor in parallel with load is known as power factor correction and decreases the apparent power of source, so source current also decreases. As the line connected between the load and generator line losses decrease and less line voltage drop across the line. The capacitor of 210 Mvar rating inserted at bus 2 and decreases the losses from 46.50 MW to 29.1MW as shown in area field option dialogue below: The connected capacitor shown in figure 5.2 which supplying the reactive power of 188.1Mvar. Capacitive reactance rating depends on assumed voltage 1.0 pu and this loss due to capacitor reactance varies directly with the square of the voltage. The voltage at bus 2 increases to 0.95 pu as per requirement also shown in figure 5.2 Figure 5.2 After that another possible changing in five-bus power system performed to find the low voltage problem, for that another transmission line inserted in parallel between bus 4 and 2 having the same parameters with the already exciting model and then simulation performed. After that all the parameters analyse and at bus 3 MVar of the generator decreases and hence losses. Load on line between bus 3 and 4 also decreases. At bus 2 the voltage increases to 0.96 pu and losses at bus 2 decreases shown area field dialogue given below. By inserting transmission line power factor also improve and simulated one-line diagram shown in the figure 5.3. The choice for inserting the line is less preferable as compare to capacitor in real implementation because of the cost factor but both these can be used for power factor improvement. Figure 5.3 In PWS, the real and reactive mismatches equation by simply selecting the option mismatches option, the table given below shows real and reactive power mismatches. The convergence tolerance is  ±1% of their rated value. The transmission line between bus 2 and 4 is removed for maintenance. After that five bus power system again simulated and its operating condition is not acceptable because transmission line between bus 5 and bus 4 is overloaded. Then in order to run the system under normal condition the load at bus 2 and bus 3 are equally shared in such a way that the overloading on the transmission line between bus 5 and bus 4 is reduced. 6. Conclusion After completing this project, we get enough information about how to draw bus power system by using Power World Simulator (PWS). This simulation software easy to use and give brief description of each step, voltage, load angle etc. Most importantly this software is less time consuming and free from any human error. This project gives very good understanding and knowledge about bus power system and clear idea about the different parameters that mainly analysed during simulation. Now a days mostly all industries using such kind of softwares in order to check any fault and transmission losses. Mainly electric consumption have increased and also the number of interconnections, so future planning become more complex. The software like PWS efficiently calculates power-flow solution of any numbers of bus power systems. This project gives an idea to analyse different kind of transmission design.

The Writing Process Essay -- Education, Recursive Process

Scores of composition instructors agree that writing should be taught as a recursive process, rather than a liner process, and they also agree that most writers employ certain writing strategies as they produce drafts. Sandra Perl’s article, Understanding Composing† shares these beliefs because she states: â€Å"writing does appear to be recursive, yet the parts that recur seem to vary from writer to writer and from topic to topic† (142). Perl explains that throughout the writing process, writers employ a â€Å"forward-moving action that exists by virtue of backward-moving action† (141). Furthermore, Perl claims that when writers plan, draft, and revise their writings, they use a process she labels as retrospective structuring which involves attending to a writer’s a felt sense, returning to the topic presented, rereading what has been already written, and reassessing the words written (145). Perl claims that the most important retrospective structuring feature involves writers paying attention to their felt sense, a term she borrows from Eugene Gendlin, a philosopher at the University of Chicago (142). Perl defines a writer’s felt sense as a bodily experience or nonverbal thought that â€Å"surround the words, or to what the words already present evoke in the writer† (142). Moreover, when writers use the process of felt sense they pause and react to â€Å"what is inside of them,† and writers seem to focus on â€Å"careful attention to one’s inner reflections and is often accompanied with bodily sensations†(Perl 144). Furthermore, Perl believes that skilled writers employ their felt sense unknowingly while unskilled writers can be taught how to pay close attention to their felt sense (144). Perl then describes that when presented with a topic, w... ...g (147). I believe that Perl offers some valuable insights to the composing process, and I agree with her that writing is a recursive process. As an English tutor, I always encourage my student to reread what they have previously written. In doing so, many students will discover that some sentences in their drafts †just do not sound right† and they are now able to make the necessary adjustments, making their writing more coherent. I also believe that rereading key words in the topic helps students generate new ideas and the key words in the topic could be used during a prewriting activity, such as creating a clustering diagram. Lastly, I am elated that Perl provides a name to something that cannot really be explained—felt sense. I will now be able to tell my students to â€Å"call up† their felt sense as way to aid with their writing.

The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: What are the Consequences of our Technology? :: Technological Papers

The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: What are the Consequences of our Technology? Introduction The technological field has advanced to something far more than what people could have imagined just a half a century ago. The technological revolution has changed the lifestyle of societies just as the Industrial revolution changed the lifestyle of Europe. Who would have imagined the Internet and computers in most homes, when a computer could barely fit into an entire building, much less intelligent machines? Artificial Intelligence is an intriguing technology that will shape the human lifestyle of the future. Restricting research and progress in the field is hardly a feasible task in today's world. More realistically, we should monitor and keep the technology in a realistic and safe progression. History Artificial intelligence folklore has been traced back to the times of Ancient Egypt. But the "birth of artificial intelligence" as some would call it, was in 1956 at the Dartmouth conference. The conference was based on two theories, the principle of feedback theory and the Logic Theorist. The principle of feedback theory was observed by Norbert Wiener. He theorized that all intelligent behavior was the result of a feedback mechanism. An example would be a temperature control system that simply checks the temperature of the room, compares the reading to the desired temperature, and adjusts the flow of heat to bring the room to the desired temperature. Then in 1955, Newell and Simon developed The Logic Theorist. The Logic Theorist was a program that represented every problem as a tree. The program would attempt to solve a problem by selecting the branch that would most likely result in the correct solution. Then in 1956, John McCarthy1 organized the Dartmouth Conference to draw intere st and talent to the field of artificial intelligence.2 Finally almost a decade after the Dartmouth Conference, Centers for artificial intelligence research began to form at Carnegie Mellon and MIT. Further advancements were made in the field. The General Problem Solver (GPS) was developed based on the Wiener's feedback principle. The GPS was capable of solving a greater range of common sense problems. As the field progressed, the LISP language was created. LISP became the language of choice among the artificial intelligence developers. The in 1963, the Department of Defense's Advanced research projects Agency (ARPA) gave MIT a 2.2 million dollar grant to be used in researching "Machine-Aided Cognition" or artificial intelligence. This move by the US government was to ensure that the United States have the technological advantage over the Soviet Union.

Development Of The Submarine :: essays research papers

Development of the Submarine Throughout history, navies have made significant impacts in the technological development of human kind. These impacts range from improvements in metal technologies made while perfecting the cannon to the advent of cybernetics, which allowed more precise targeting of weaponry. One of the more sophisticated developments in naval history has been the invention of the submarine. The submarine was born in 1620 as a leather-covered rowboat built by Cornelius Drebbel. After Robert Fulton came up with a more modern prototype in 1800, the military advantages of a nearly invisible warship were quickly divined. However, they remained unrealized for quite a while. Although Fulton probably foresaw that his invention would be used for war, he hardly could have envisioned it launching projectiles with the capability to level entire countries. However, after a series of innovations in nuclear missile and submarine designs, the submarine-launched ballistic missile has become an integral part of our naval weapons arsenal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To understand the need for the development of nuclear missile submarines, there is a need to examine the political climate of the world in the era after World War II. The realignment of the superpowers after the war resulted in a unique situation. The two major naval powers of the day, Great Britain and the United States, were now allied against the greatest land power in history in the Soviet Union. In the period from 1955 to 1965, the advantage was heavily in favor of the U.S. As the United States had developed the atomic and hydrogen bombs first, they obviously gained a head start which developed into a decisive nuclear advantage. This advantage acted as an effective deterrent to any Soviet movement into Western Europe. However, as the Soviet nuclear arsenal expanded (mostly during the Kennedy administration), it became necessary to effect a balance in the area of conventional warfare or to make more inroads in nuclear weapons development. Before this could be accomplished, however, advancements in submarine technology had to made as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The submarines of World War II, although effective in their roles, were rather primitive. A noisy, slow, shallow-diving sub would hardly be a capable missile submarine as it could be easily detected and destroyed. Even so, before the end of the war, there were intelligence reports in America that the German Navy had developed a U-boat capable of towing or carrying V-2 rockets to launch sites near the U.S. east coast. Although these reports turned out to be false, the Germans had been developing a type of submersible barge to tow V-2s. This scare prompted the American development of ballistic missile submarines.

Basic Academic Writing Essay

Making a Venn diagram or a chart can help you quickly and efficiently compare and contrast two or more things or ideas. To make a Venn diagram, simply draw some overlapping circles, one circle for each item you’re considering. In the central area where they overlap, list the traits the two items have in common. Example: 1. Write each topic name above one of the circles. List attributes or qualities of that topic in the circle, placing any shared qualities in the overlapping section. Be specific and use details. 2. Review the lists and identify three categories or aspects that describe these details. 3. Then choose one option (point by point or block method) to structure your essay. Comparison-contrast Thesis The thesis of your comparison/contrast paper is very important: it can help  you create a focused argument and give your reader a road map so she/he doesn’t get lost in the sea of points you are about to make. As in any paper, you will want to replace vague reports of your general topic (for example, â€Å"This paper will compare and contrast two pizza places,† or â€Å"Pepper’s and Amante are similar in some ways and different in others,† or â€Å"Pepper’s and Amante are similar in many ways, but they have one major difference†) with something more detailed and specific. For example, you might say, â€Å"Pepper’s and Amante have similar prices and ingredients, but their atmospheres and willingness to deliver set them apart.† Be careful, though—although this thesis is fairly specific and does propose a simple argument (that atmosphere and delivery make the two pizza places different), your instructor will often be looki ng for a bit more analysis. In this case, the obvious question is â€Å"So what? Why should anyone care that Pepper’s and Amante are different in this way?† One might also wonder why the writer chose those two particular pizza places to compare—why not Papa John’s, Dominos, or Pizza Hut? Again, thinking about the context the class provides may help you answer such questions and make a stronger argument. Here’s a revision of the thesis mentioned earlier: Pepper’s and Amante both offer a greater variety of ingredients than other Chapel Hill/Carrboro pizza places (and than any of the national chains), but the funky, lively atmosphere at Pepper’s makes it a better place to give visiting friends and family a taste of local culture. How do I know if my thesis is strong? If there’s time, run it by your instructor or make an appointment at the Writing Center to get some feedback. Even if you do not have time to get advice elsewhere, you can do some thesis evaluation of your own. When reviewing your first draft and its working thesis, ask yourself the following: Do I answer the question? Re-reading the question prompt after constructing a working thesis can help you fix an argument that misses the focus of the question. Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? If your thesis simply states facts that no one would, or even could, disagree with, it’s possible that you are simply providing a summary, rather than  making an argument. Is my thesis statement specific enough? Thesis statements that are too vague often do not have a strong argument. If your thesis contains words like â€Å"good† or â€Å"successful,† see if you could be more specific: why is something â€Å"good†; what specifically makes something â€Å"successful†? Does my thesis pass the â€Å"So what?† test? If a reader’s first response is, â€Å"So what?† then you need to clarify, to forge a relationship, or to connect to a larger issue. Does my essay support my thesis specifically and without wandering? If your thesis and the body of your essay do not seem to go together, one of them has to change. It’s o.k. to change your working thesis to reflect things you have figured out in the course of writing your paper. Remember, always reassess and revise your writing as necessary. Does my thesis pass the â€Å"how and why?† test? If a reader’s first response is â€Å"how?† or â€Å"why?† your thesis may be too open-ended and lack guidance for the reader. See what you can add to give the reader a better take on your position right from the beginning. Example of Comparison-Contrast Essay The Similarities and Differences between Public and Private Universities Malaysia has progressed in many areas since its independence. One significant area that all our past and present leaders have emphasized is education. The drastic growth in the number of universities over the past 20 years signifies this, together with the increasing demand for post-secondary education. Therefore, when public universities faced major challenges in operating within the limitations of the financial aid given by the government, the government not only encouraged private institutions to play a more active role in the higher education industry, but also supported these institutions in their efforts to increase their student intake. In 2006, there were 17 public universities and 21 private universities. Within a year, these numbers ballooned to 20 and 30 respectively. Today, students who wish to pursue higher education are spoilt for choices as there are plenty of courses offered in both public and private universities. However,  deciding on which higher education instit ution to go to, after completing secondary school, is a crucial undertaking. Students need to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of both types of institutions based on the courses available, the course fees charged and the competitiveness of these universities. Firstly, the types of courses that public and private universities offer vary significantly. Public institutions offer a whole range of courses that cover various aspects of science, business, social sciences and humanities in an ala-carte form. For example, the engineering programmes incorporate all aspects of engineering which include specialised areas such as marine, gas and aeronautical. Likewise, the business programmes in these institutions include various degrees in business administration like Islamic banking and insurance. In contrast, private universities only focus on programmes that have higher market value such as health sciences, religious studies, history and literature are not offered by these universities. This is especially so since they are profit-driven institutions. In fact, private institutions only specialise in certain fields, such as health sciences. University Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, for example, specialises in medicine, pharmacy, nursi ng and radiotherapy, while Masterskill University College specialises in nursing, physiotherapy and environmental health, among others. With such vast choices available, students should choose which university to go to and what programme to enrol in wisely. Another difference between public and private universities lies in the course fees. Even though the roles and responsibilities of both types of institutions are similar, the way they are structured is different. Public universities charge rather modest fees as compared to private universities. The primary reason for this is that public universities are largely funded by the government, as opposed to private universities that are usually privately funded by shareholders. For a public university the high cost involved in managing one is borne by the government. In contrast, private universities manage their institutions through the shareholders’ funds and the revenue they earned. Private universities charge a high fee for their  courses as a means of increasing the revenue. The amount charged is normally very much higher compared to that charged by public universities, where the course fees are subsidised by the government. For instance, the fee to study medicine in University Malaya is about RM100 000 whereas in International Medical University (IMU), the fee is about RM350 000. However, since the income per capita of Malaysians has increased; many parents can afford to pay such expensive fees. Moreover, education has become a priority in Malaysia. The government is willing to support these private institutions by making student loans such as those offered by Perbadanan Tabung Pendidikan Tinggi Nasional (PTPTN) available for students. This helps to lessen not only parents’ burden, but also the shareholders’. Despite these differences, public and private universities are similar in being competitive in nature. They compete to be the best educational institution in their respective fields of study. Both types of institutions strive to stay abreast to sustain their position in the education industry. The benchmark has been raised very high so that every university has to be sensitive to their customers’ needs. Most universities have made wi-fi connections available around their campus and have upgraded facilities such as computer laboratories, hostels, cafeterias and transportation. Apart from that, these universities also recruit the best faculty staff to make the teaching and learning process an exciting journey. In addition, these universities advertise their annual graduation ceremonies and highlight their top academic achievers to maintain their name and ranking among the top universities. All these criteria have become the yardstick for universities to measure their reputation as world-class education institutions. There is paradigm shift today in the way parents and children regard education. Parents nowadays are sending their children to higher education institutions so that they could obtain a minimum university qualification. Students take up university courses not only to obtain wisdom and knowledge, but also to acquire the expertise and qualifications needed to compete in today’s knowledge-based economy. Thus, it is up to the students to compare the similarities and differences between a public university and a private  university before deciding which institution to pursue their tertiary education in.

Barangay Information System Essay

Significance of the Study -This study was made to find out that the use of residence information system will lessen the time for the transaction of encoding. Also in using this system it can recognize the person involve in this study. To the Barangay – It will help for them to lessen the time for the transaction of encoding. The system will be the census like having a system of the barangay for all of its constituents and new people who will live in the place. The system will be effective in maintaining, searching and storing of records of all resident in the barangay. To the Residence – For they will be accommodated easily for they will have an identification that can be used to access their accounts if there are some changes to be done in their part. It will also be easy for them in requesting some information and services because the barangay had already have it. This will also assure the residents that their information is properly secured and maintain through the manipulation of the proposed system. To the Secretary of the Barangay – It will help to organize the record and monitor the information of the residence. Foreign For further understanding of the study, the researchers made use of different reading materials related to the information system. These materials such as books, magazines, newspapers, thesis and other web articles are essential in broadening the knowledge of the researchers. These will also guide the researchers to achieve their target objectives by getting ideas on other related studies and make improvements as possible.   According to Jennifer Rowley (2005), information system are a tool to support information management. Information systems are increasingly being used in organizations with the object of providing competitive advantage. The information systems used by organizations can be grouped into different types such as transaction processing system, executive information system,  expert systems and office information systems. Information Technology has heralded the advent of the information society. The University of Minnesota Research and Training Center has released its annual Residential Information Systems Project report. The report provides state-by-state statistics with long-term trends on residential services, settings, populations and expenditures for people with developmental disabilities in state, nonstate, and Medicaid-funded residential programs. Characteristics of residents, movement and staffing patterns in large state residential facilities are included. The report uses 2012 data to examine trends in residential supports for people with developmental disabilities. The report found that the majority of people with IDD that do not live with a family member live in a setting with three or fewer people with IDD, with more than three-fourths sharing a home with six of fewer people. The report notes that there are significant differences in the data between states for many topic areas, including setting size, waiting lists, and average expenditures for HCBS. O’Brien, (2011) defines information system as the organized combination of people, hardware,software, communication networks and data resources, that control, transform and disseminateinformation in an organization. In partial fulfilment for the requirements in Software Project presented to the faculty of IT Department Ebora, Vanessa Grace I. Casas, Lori Anne S. Rapisora, Sheryl L. Tambongco, Steven CHAPTER 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction Setting of the Study The study was conducted at Barangay Katipunan-Bayani which has a approximate popul.ation of 8,000 residents. The barangay is located at Rodriguez Ave. Tanay, Rizal. Vicinity map of Barangay Katipunan-Bayani Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework Statement of the Problem This discuss about the problems of existing system that will be resolve by the researcher through computerized Residence Information Sysytem 1. Open- source data 2. Back-up storage incase of loss 3. Time consuming of filing application form 4. Sharing of documents 5. File storage Objectives General The researcher aims to develop a system that will help the client to reduce the load of the barangay staffs in saving the residents files. Specific 1. Have a security to secured all the important records of the residents. 2. Have a back-up storage file in case of corrupting data. 3. Have a network-based for easy transferring of file needed. 4. Have a data base for data storage. Scope and Limitation The system is designed to have a security for the records to be secured that  only the authorized person can only handle the system. It can be saved on a folder for file back-up. It has data base for storage of saved data. It can print documents such as Barangay Clearance, Indigency etc. The system cannot produce hard copy of total records of barangay constituents. it did not contain residence number.

Funny in Farsi Analysis

Funny in Farsi Analysis Firoozeh Dumas is an Iranian-American writer, known for creating the memoir ‘Funny in Farsi’. Born in Iran, Dumas tells of her childhood memories and how she and her family moved to America when she was just seven years old. Soon after the events that took place on September 11th, friends had encouraged her to publish the stories that she had written. By doing this, she would be able to tell Americans of how Middle Eastern cultures are not what the media portrays them to be.Throughout the memoir, Dumas aims to show Americans that Iranians are truly virtuous and have a sense of humor. With the use of lighthearted humor, emotional appeal, and family anecdotes, Dumas shows that Iranians are not, (in any way,) what we think they are. Dumas attempts to show us that Iranians have a sense of humor by establishing a lighthearted tone from the beginning of the piece. As opposed to keeping the piece serious, she ends the very first passage saying that even though her brother was far away from her it was merely a â€Å"small price to pay for owning a Barbie†.Though she could have been focusing on the distance from her brother, she was rather occupied with her Barbie, an act fairly typical for a seven-year-old girl. The phrase can help many readers feel nostalgic. Many people have some sort of object or toy tied to a relative, and being with that particular toy can make it seem as if we are with that loved one. At the same time, this also sparks emotional appeal and nostalgia to the reader; many of us, as children had found ourselves happy at the receipt of a new toy, even if we had been crying just seconds before.Dumas easily uses both strategies at the same time to show the innocence and humor of Middle Eastern cultures. After a rather embarrassing first day of school (with her mother,) Dumas decided that from that day on, her mother would â€Å"have to stay home†. Dumas uses a combination of a family anecdote as well as self-deprecation to showcase the innocence and humor of the Middle Eastern people. Dumas attends her very first day of school with her mother to. The day proves to be embarrassing to Dumas, as it â€Å"negated† the impression she had made just the other day.The students had begun to stare at them not because they could not speak English, but because they appeared rather dimwitted. The author belittles herself by the use of self-deprecation; because of this, the audience is able to identify with her. Dumas does this successfully by admitting that she and her mother appeared â€Å"stupid†, further reinforcing it by saying that her first impression had been â€Å"negated† by the day’s events. The word negated communicates the idea that Dumas’ hard work in impressing her teacher, Mrs. Sandberg had been done in vain.It makes her more likeable to her readers, and only strengthens her message that Iranians are merely virtuous and humble people. The Septe mber 11 attacks had left many Middle Eastern cultures with awful stereotypes. Dumas’ memoirs, however, successfully convey the image that Middle Eastern people are not what the media tells us. With the use of a lighthearted tone and Dumas’ humorous story of going to school and owning Barbie’s, Funny in Farsi shows the audience that the Iranian people (and perhaps other Middle Eastern cultures,) are indeed innocent, virtuous, and humble people.

Information Technology Essay

James Price is an Information Technology consultant with specific expertise in website design. His consultancy is doing well, but he would really like to gain another client to ensure that he has enough work for the foreseeable future. One Saturday, at his brother Anthony’s 40th birthday celebration, James is approached by Mark Jackson, a store owner, who James has met previously at some of his brother’s other social functions. Mark explains to James that he is looking to revamp his store’s website and that he could use James’ expertise to complete the project. James expresses his interest in assisting and Mark tells James that he will email him on Monday with a proposal. On Monday morning, Mark sends James the following email: Dear James, After thinking further about your potential involvement in the website project for the store, I want to bring you on board as a consultant. The terms of the engagement are that you will provide your web design services exclusively for two weeks, starting on 1st February 2014, working onsite with me and the store manager. In terms of remuneration, you will be paid a flat fee of $35,000 with a parking spot to be provided for the time that you are onsite. It is important that if you want this work, you indicate your acceptance in writing by the end of the day. I look forward to hearing from you. Mark Jackson. An hour after the email is sent, James reads it and is happy with the terms  of the proposal. He goes to draft an email to Mark detailing his acceptance of the terms of the offer, but because of a sudden storm that has hit the area where he lives, James’ email stops working and he is unable to send the message to Mark. James then tries to call Mark to tell him that he wants the work, but Mark doesn’t answer, and James is not given the option to leave a message. As a last resort, James drafts a letter to Mark communicating his acceptance of the offer proposed. He then takes the letter, and a strategic map for the project that he quickly prepared, to the post office and posts them at 4.30pm on Monday afternoon. The letter and the map take a day to be delivered to Mark and he receives them late Tuesday afternoon. On Wednesday, Mark realises that he has offered to pay James $15,000 more than an award winning web design firm has quoted him for the job, and he doesn’t want to engage James anymore. He sends an email to James saying that because he didn’t receive James’ acceptance by the end of Monday, James has missed out on the work. Mark also states in his email that he never meant for the proposal to be real anyway because he was only trying to help out his friend Anthony by throwing James some work. James is upset upon receiving this email from Mark and calls his lawyer for advice on the situation. Question 1: Using the four step process, discuss the element of agreement required for the formation of a legally binding contract between James and Mark. STEP 1: Identify the principles or issues of law The principles of law here is that in addition to intention and consideration aspects, there should be the existence of a valid agreement between James and Mark which is required for the formation of a legally binding contract to be created. Step 2: Explain the rule(s) of law relevant to the principle/area/issue of law identified in step one with reference to authority. There are three main requirements for the formation of a legally binding contract; intention to create a legal contract, offer and acceptance  (agreement) of the terms of the contract and consideration (reference book P-60).

Why have armies so seldom intervened in the politics of European Essay

Why have armies so seldom intervened in the politics of European countries in recent years Why have they so often intervened in the politics of countries in sub-Saharan Africa - Essay Example challenges principles of sovereignty made 300 years back with the Treaty of Westphalia that set an example for modern Europe ending a century of destruction and war. Under this treaty, highest authority belonged to the ruler and no appeal for justice could be made after the ruler’s verdict. The religion or principles of the ruler had to be followed by the subjects, Pope in the case of medieval Europe. This rule proved its worth in putting an end to confessional wars and each state was given the right to all internal affairs without interference. The negative aspect of this treaty was the formations of dictator governments on the name of sovereignty where all power vested in the hands of government officials or in majority cases just one person. This category of dictatorship was practiced in 19th century by leaders such as Bismarck, Emmanuel Victor and Garibaldi and others (STEPAN, 2012). Among all regulations one right was given to the ruler to call for war. This sovereignty right was only given to powerful European nations and was never extended to areas and places outside Europe. This power of declaring war within nations lay under the hands of governments. None had the right to speak and interfere when a European leader declares war and conquers parts of African or Asian territories for the sake of civilization, humanitarian or modernism. In the 19th century the concept of nations states spread and with it the idea of national sovereignty extended to other territories (ALONSO, 2011). Back in the 20th century, the Nazi regime in Germany raised a number of challenges and questions to the belief of nation’s sovereignty. With the principle of non-interference nations allowed Nazis to practice their activities that became the cause of genocides and massive killings with destructions. It was only when the Nazis threatened Europe’s domination; forces within Europe stood up to defend the cause. The debates on recent intervention in Bosnia and Iraq raise the same

Changing Criminal Behaviour Case Study Bert Essay

Changing Criminal Behaviour Case Study Bert - Essay Example In order to fulfil the study's first aim, recall and recognition will be tested in 100 to 150 adult participants. Eyewitness identification accuracy will be observed during this process. Participants will be required to watch a brief video, following this video participants will be required to answer a series of questions pertaining to that video. Another data collection will involve participants completing an online questionnaire which assesses accuracy of recognition and recall. The experiment aims at identifying the misidentification rates of adults and how recognition and recall can lead to false eyewitness testimony and subsequent false identification. In order to fulfil the study's second aim, the literature on the factors which promote and those which inhibit eyewitness accuracy will be reviewed. A list of inhibitors and promotors will be generated and subsequently employed to inform a set of recommendations for the enhancement of eyewitness accuracy. The researcher will organise and maintain a web based questionnaire and online video through Surveymonkey. The researcher will send the website a participants' inclusion and exclusion criteria and specify that all respondents are to be from Australia. A 100-150 participant figure will be requested. Surveymonkey will then inform its relevant participant database of the survey. 3.2. Research plan 3.2.1 Describe the theoretical, empirical and/or conceptual basis, and background evidence, for the research proposal, eg. previous studies, anecdotal evidence, review of literature, prior observation, laboratory or animal studies. NS 1.13 The goal of the proposed research is to examine conditions that may influence eyewitness memory. Wells and Loftus (2003) used a 'memory as trace' (p. 149) metaphor to compare physical evidence and memory. That is, memory for an event can leave a trace in the brain just like physical evidence (e.g., fingerprints, blood, and semen) can in the outside world. As will be discussed at length later, eyewitness identification procedures can be employed to minimize any bias or suggestion that can contaminate a witness memory. In the present studies the effects of certain estimator variables on eyewitness identification will be examined. More specifically, the issue of whether knowledge that one is viewing a crime suspect, compared to learning that one had seen a suspect after-the-fact, and the seriousness of the crime for which the suspect is wanted, will be investigated for their influence on identification accuracy in line-ups in which the suspect is either absent or present. An additional question is whether crime severity enhances memory for an individual, or whether attention needs to be directed towards the individual to influence memory. There is equivocal evidence that crimes of a more serious nature increase motivation to attend to the criminal scenario (Leippe, Wells, & Ostrom, 1978), while others do not support this finding. As eyewitness investigation is relevant to psychologists, the legal system, witnesses, the accused, and society at large, it is

The Ways in Which the Stock Market Operated Assignment

The Ways in Which the Stock Market Operated - Assignment Example One of the overarching lessons I learned was with regards to the necessity of diversifying risk. As a function of this newfound information and the fact that I am generally a fiscally rational and somewhat risk-averse individual, I pursued a conservative approach. I bought Alcoa because it is a multinational corporation with a solid industrial basis that has been proven to generate solid revenue over the past several years. Additionally, due to the fact that the stock price was low when I purchased I expected that it would again gain value. I bought Dish Network because the stock has performed well over the past 4 months and I expected that it would continue to be a solid investment. Furthermore, Dish Network has been performing well in its expansion efforts around the United States. I bought Macy’s stock due to the fact that it was a solid retail outlet that has lived a long and storied past. Furthermore, I bought it as it was low priced and had lost some value of late and I expected it to rebound. Coca-Cola was also purchased as a safe bet and a company that had lost a small amount of value when I picked the stock. Similarly, it has gained value, although not much, and represents itself in the way I expected it to within the portfolio. Similarly, UBS, the banking giant, was purchased due to the fact that it was on a massive rebound after the derailment experienced during the global economic meltdown of 2007-2008. This stock, in particular, has been the brightest performer in my portfolio. Intel was chosen due to the fact that it has been a solid performer in computing solutions for decades. Unfortunately, due to some key market forces that I did not anticipate the stock was the lowest investment ratio as it lost around 14% of total value. Apple was chosen due to the fact that it has been one of the brightest performing technological manufacturers within the past several years.As such, this student was not disappointed in the fact that it produced a high degree of revenue.  

GRADUATE LETTER FOR ADMISSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GRADUATE LETTER FOR ADMISSION - Essay Example My interests in pursuing graduate studies had intensified during my practice as a supervisor of Hematology department in Alhada armed forces hospital in Saudi Arabia. I have realized the urgent need and demand for skilled technologists, at my work place and other laboratories in developing regions. I believe, by gaining more knowledge in Hematology and management skills, I would be of greater help in the laboratory medicine field worldwide, Saudi Arabia in particular. Besides updated skills in the early diagnosis of many blood related diseases such as anemia, leukemia etc; better management and leadership skills are very important in developing countries like Saudi Arabia. With the transition of most laboratories to acquire accreditation of the college of American Pathologists (CAP) and other regulatory agencies, the need for professional and comprehensive managerial capabilities in the developing countries are becoming crucial. This has triggered the need for more sophisticated knowledge in the updated laboratory methods, and quality control and quality assurance concepts. At my last job, I was able to adhere to the highest professional Laboratory standards, despite the fact that I was working under different working environment, tradition, and dress code. It was very interesting, challenging and great learning experience. In addition to background skills and knowledge in the medical laboratory science, my balanced personality, and open minded nature, made me successful supervisor. Some of my accomplishments include, constructing and updating hematology department’s procedure manuals, evaluation of new analyzers, organizing and passing successfully the bi annual inspection conducted by of the college of American pathologists (CAP) etc. Through my job, I have greatly improved my analytical ability and pressure management techniques. The process

Skipper Charter Airline Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Skipper Charter Airline - Research Proposal Example The company started a few years ago with the main of growth and expansion to international flights. Skipper airline charter is a unique air charter organization that strives to be creative and pioneering leaders in the field of airline transport. Skipper Airlines is the largest provider of fly in fly out services in Bahamas and Florida. This company operates nearly hundred flights per week. The company’s main mission is to attain customer satisfaction and seek and challenge future opportunities for the company’s prosperity. The company also aims to provide high quality services to its clients through partnerships in order to remain focused on the opportunities. All these visions, missions, and objectives can be attained through an efficient marketing plan. Skipper Charter Airline has been in the industry for almost half a decade and has never failed to achieve customer satisfaction. With the aircrafts at the clients’ disposal, customers can depart at their own wi ll and timetable even within minutes after arrival at the company’s airport. The company is conscious about the customer’s time and no more can a customer miss a flight. With Skipper Charter Airlines, the customer has the power to fly to and fro without the inconvenience of waiting flights or linking flights through a major airport. When taking into account a business trip or vacation trip, a customer should think about the benefits that Skipper Airline provides which include; cost effectiveness, comfort, and high quality services. As noted earlier, the major aim of any business to increase its growth and market share. Skipper airlines key customers are tourists and business clientele. Skipper Charter Airlines has a wide range of aircrafts that suit the different client requirements. Skipper Charter Airlines offers a single VIP passenger aircraft only an hour away for the tourists or business clientele or a 50 passenger aircraft. The corporate Skipper Charter Airlines team ensures that customers’ travel experience runs on time and budget. In order to attract more customers, Skipper Charter Airlines needs to invest more in its marketing communication. The company can employ advertising, public relations and direct marketing and offer discounts. Skipper Airlines can heighten its advertising through increasing budget for its marketing. The company needs to foster for increased frequency of both audio and visual adverts in the local radio and television stations. This will assist in increasing awareness among the target customers and lead to increased customers. The company can as well endorse a celebrity or a renowned business individual in its advertising. This will make customers want to be associated with the celebrity and in turn lead to increased market share. In addition, incorporating direct marketing will assist the company get a response from customers on their needs and devise ways on how to improve customer service. Moreover, Skipp er Charter Airlines may be involved in public relations through sponsorships or being involved in corporate social responsibilities. This will assist in creating a better reputation for the company among the customers and in turn contribute to increased sales and market share. Skipper Airlines has been providing air transport services to Bahamas and Florida for almost half a decade. The company’

Flexibility and the Contract of Employment Essay

Flexibility and the Contract of Employment - Essay Example 74). Most of the institution traditionally hire workers and require them to perform their duties during fixed time which are normally eight continuous working hours a day and in a specific places. In the modern society most of the employees and employers are shifting away from this tradition and are focusing on a variable working agreements to enable workers perform their duties according to their wishes. This has enabled workers to have time with their families and also be able to utilize their working time effectively since they only work when they are ready to work (Berndt & Hartmut 2005, p.191). This has result to gains from both parties in terms of productivity and convenience of discharge of the obligations. 1. Different Recruitment Techniques Every organization aims at acquiring the most efficient and effective workforce who are capable of improving organization’s performance and make it competent (Berndt & Hartmut 2005, p.198). Though there are many qualified job seeke rs who are ready and willing to work for such organizations, sometimes it is not easy for organizations to hire the most qualified workforce as they would wish (Lipsey & Mucchielli 2002, P.76). The approach taken by the human resource managers during recruitment and hiring of workers will determine the quality of their workforce hence the overall performance of the organization. Approaches for recruiting qualified workers Through recruiting agencies: there are numerous agencies who hire workers on behalf of the organizations (Lipsey & Mucchielli 2002, P.83). Those agencies are ran by qualified hiring personnel who have potential to establish what the organization requires in terms of manpower and look for job applicants with those particular requirements. The advantage of using agency is that agencies normally have time to scrutinize the potential workers unlike organizations which may rely on experience of busy managers with limited resources for recruiting workers. Also, agencies rarely engage in canvassing with job applicants hence there is possibility for getting the best candidates (Berndt & Hartmut 2005, p. 202). Agencies also maintain records of all job applicants hence they can easily trace the most qualified workers whenever they are required to do so hence providing a quick solution to the organizations’ needs of personnel. Also some trade associations encourage their member organizations to advertise their jobs through their websites. Therefore, job seekers can easily access the vacancies in various organizations and apply for them hence giving organizations an opportunity to select the best candidates from the list of applicants (Berndt & Hartmut 2005, p.217). The advantage of this approach is that it offers cheap method for the organization to acquire workforce since most of those association do not charge their members anything. Internal recruitment where organization selects existing workers to fill higher positions left vacant in the org anization (Lipsey & Mucchielli 2002, P.90). This approach is efficient because it enables organization to maintain its loyal workers. This instils trust and loyalty among workers because they have confidence that once chance occurs within the organization the existing employees have equal opportunity of being upgraded. This method further enables organization to save its expense they would otherwise incur in hiring workers from outside the organization. Another approach is use of eternal recruitment of employees approach to acquire workers for their organizations. This approach involves inviting job applicants from outside the

Case study on chronic illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case study on chronic illness - Essay Example Americans have medical cover and face little dangers of controlling the diseases because the insured go for the checkups which are sponsored by the insurers. Members of the countries with low socioeconomic power are rarely informed of medical cover. Low income in them also imposes great challenges in them taking the cover. From the chapter read on Rosalie’s health, she has no medical cover (Moroflubkin & Pamala 2012). The Healthy people 2020 have a plan to take medical cover to support Rosalie for the rest of her life. She has to also remain on treatment while the medical policy matures. They also have a plan on how to educate her. Rosalie’s aunt will also get a medical cover since her income is low and in future she might not be able to meet her medical needs should they occur. WHO cares for the underprivileged people’s health: providing them with medicines, education, food and shelter. This way, I will also plan to provide the same to Rosalie and her aunt Rita. This will help relieve her of the burden bagging her life. If I had to respond to the call, I would inform the health care professionals to have regular checks on the health of the aging population to avoid high costs of treatment. I would also advise them to take early control measures like immunization on children in order to prevent future problems to the victims when they age (Toombs, David & Ronald 1995). If I had power of control over the resource, I would introduce free and compulsory immunization to the needy and carry out medical researches on people’s health in order to identify how and when to issue treatment to the needy (Dubey

CRITICAL CONTEXTS of LAW- STORY( answer the questions) Essay

CRITICAL CONTEXTS of LAW- STORY( answer the questions) - Essay Example In turn, this conflict is further mirrored by the confusion regarding the difference between a civil liberty and a human right. It is submitted that the criticism of the philosophical concept of human rights as a reality centres on the dichotomy between the deontological â€Å"shared ethics† paradigm and the utilitarian approach (Donnelly, 2003, p.7). On the other hand, a â€Å"civil right† whilst related to human rights is completely distinct and specifically relates to a legal right which can be protected and exercised under civil law (Foster, 2008, p.10). As such, a civil right may include a human right but is completely distinct from a human right (Foster, 2008). For example, under the civil law common law jurisdiction in the UK, individuals have rights not to be injured or the victims of negligence or nuisance as part of a civil right (Foster, 2008). Whilst civil rights are exercisable and protected by the state, human rights on the other hand are not automatically exercisable, which in turn has perpetuated a debate as to whether the concept of human rights are in fact a â€Å"fiction† of modern, western liberal democracies (Reed, 2007, p.11). ... Indeed, this very point is the fundamental distinction between a civil right, which is enforceable and exercisable on the one hand in contrast to the individualistic concept of a human right on the other. Furthermore, Donnelly highlights the point that the â€Å"the ability to claim rights, if necessary distinguishes between having a right from simply being the (rights-less) beneficiary of someone else’s obligations. Paradoxically, then â€Å"having† a right is of most value precisely when one does not have the right† (Donnelly, 2003, p.8). It is submitted that this observation is arguably crucial to the practical success of the shared ethics paradigm in terms of the innate morality informing human adherence to basic fundamental rights. Moreover, Donnelly questions the notion of â€Å"shared† rights as in a â€Å"Hobbesian state of nature, rights would never be respected; at best disinterest or self interest would lead duty-bearers not to deny the right h older the object of her right (Donnelly, 2003, p.8). Accordingly, Donnelly’s points highlight the point that whereas ethics refer to the morality of human rights, this can contrast with the actual enforcement of morality as defined by ethical theory, which again highlights the fundamental distinction between an enforceable civil rights on the one hand and human rights on the other. Indeed, Donnelly highlights the point that â€Å"â€Å"Human rights traditionally have been thought of as moral rights of the highest order. They have also become, as we will see in more detail later, international legal rights† (Donnelly, 2003, p.11). As such, this has led to commentators questioning the concept of human rights in international